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vikram.jeet
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PostPosted: Wed Jun 09, 2021 4:53 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS - - HYDROPOWER

For such a large project in hilly area  expanded in 20 to 30 km of mountainous terrain , requiring a varied type of activities to be carried concurrently, the list of construction equipments is big.

Construction plant is indigenous as well as imported for fulfilment of various tasks.

For Tunneling works , the construction equipments used are given hereinbelow:
EXCAVATION
Drill Jumbo Rocket Boomer L2-D (Atlas Copco)
Fore Poling Machine
Hydraulic Breaker DMB 1800
Dumpers - Tata Tippers 10 T
Dozers BD - 65
Loaders Tata Hitachi Ex 20
Grouting Pumps
Scissor Platform
Wet Shotcreting Machine - Schwing
ANFO Vassals

(To be contd)
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vikram.jeet
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PostPosted: Wed Jun 09, 2021 5:04 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS- TUNNELING WORKS

EXCAVATION - As given in previous post

CONCRETE LINING Works:
Frog type Continuous Shutter ( 60m long comprising of 10 segments of 6m each)
CONCRETE Pump SCHWING
Transit Mixer (Shirk) 4m3 capacity
Surface vibrators
Service crane 5 T capacity


GROTING WORK
Drill Jumbo Rocket Boomer
Grout Pumps
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vikram.jeet
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PostPosted: Wed Jun 09, 2021 6:32 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS --  CAVERNS/ CHAMBERS / CAVATIES

Apart from Tunnel  construction , Hydropower project involves  Main Caverns in Power House Complex , caverns og sedimentation Chambers ,   cavaties of Valve chambers. The construction , as already said is challenging.
The Engineers and works men armoury is various construction  equipments.


EXCAVATIONN
Drill Jumbo Rocket Boomer L2-D (Atlas Copco)
Jack  HAMMERS
Excavators Tata Hitachi Ex- 400
Hydraulicc Breaker DMB 1800
Dumpers - Tata Tippers 10 T
Dozers BD - 65
Loaders Tata Hitachi Ex 20
Grouting Pumps
Scissor Platform
Wet Shotcreting Machine - Schwing
Transit Mixers Shirke

CONCRETING

Concrete Pumps Showing
Transit mixers
Needle vibrators 65mm
EOT 5 to 10 T capacity
Service crane  5T capacity
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vikram.jeet
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PostPosted: Wed Jun 09, 2021 12:04 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS  FOR  VERICAL SHAFT CONSTUCTION

Surge shaft  is vertical shaft to be constructed in the hill rock.
Various equipment s for excavation and concrete lining works are given hereinbelow :
EXCAVATION
Drilling Equipment : Ingersol Rand
Jack Hammers
Raise Climber
Wheel Loader BL - 200
Loader Tata Hitachi EX - 200
Dumpers - Tata Tippers 10 T
Dozer BX - 65
Dry Shotcrete Machine
Grouting Pump ( Atlas Copco )

CONCRETING
Concrete Pumps Scheming
Transit Mixer Shirley
Needle Vibrators 65mm
Shutter Vibrators
Slip forms
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vikram.jeet
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PostPosted: Wed Jun 09, 2021 12:19 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

CONSTRUCTION PLANT FOR PRESSURE SHAFT
HYDROPOWER

Pressure shaft  generally comprise of Top horizontal Limb, Vertical Limb & Bottom horizontal Limb.
Main constuction plant is as under:
EXCAVATION
Jack Hammers
Raise Climber
Scoop Tram(Wanger)
Loader Tata Hitachi EX-200
Dumpers - Tata Tippers 10 T
Dozer BD- 65
Dry Shotcrete Machine
Grouting Pump
ANFO Vassels

STEEL LINING
Electric Winches
EOT crane
Service Crane 12 T capacity
Customised Trailer for Transportation of Ferrules
Ferrule Carrier Trolley ( Chariot)
Welding Machine
Ultrasonic Testing Equipment

CONCRETING
Concrete Pumps Scheming
Transit Mixer Shirley
Needle Vibrators 65mm

GROUTING
Jack Hammer
Grout Pumps ( Atlas Copco)
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vikram.jeet
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PostPosted: Wed Jun 09, 2021 2:35 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

SOME OTHER IMPORTANT ASPECTS  - TUNNELING

VENTILATION DURING CONSTRUCTION
The one common and important feature of underground works is provision of adequate ventilation. The main aim of ventilation is:
To provide sufficient air for tunnel crew to breathe  . Supply of air must be ample to dilute any noxious fumes or gases . On blast smoke at heading face can be cleared quickly if ventilation system is adequate and crew can re enter tunnel after 5 to 10 minutes

Air requirements:
4.25 cum/minute/person as BREATHING REQUIREMENTS
2.0 cum/minute per Diesel HP   -  Dilution of noxious gases fumes
Leakage in duct @ 6.0 cum/minute per 100 m length
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PostPosted: Wed Jun 09, 2021 2:51 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

VENTILATION OF TUNNELS

Having worked out the ventilation requirement s , the ventilation fans are provided at portal location of tunnels some 20 to 30 m away outside so that smoke/gases/ fumes are not sucked back.

These fans are mostly imported for 1000mm and 1500 mm ducting, higher size for longer tunnels.
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PostPosted: Thu Jun 10, 2021 12:25 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

FACILITIES DURING TUNNEL EXCAVATION

VENTILATION - Duct provided at crown of roof arch ,1m to 1.5m dia.
WATER LINE 50mm dia.
WASTE WATER LINE 100 mm dia.
AIR LINE
LIGHTING at regular intervals
Nitches are provided at certain interval for overtaking of trucks/boomers /loaders


Once tunnel is through, it is self ventilated as movement of air natural.

Construction Adits after construction are provided with steel gates ,
to arrest entry of wild animals .
Access Tunnels are provided with round the clock Security .
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vikram.jeet
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PostPosted: Thu Jun 10, 2021 1:38 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

HYDRO POWER   - A MULTI - DISCIPLINARY FIELD

From discussions on Hydro power , it can be easily said that mostly all disciplines of CIVIL ENGINEERING are involved and working of experts of these field together as a team result in successful - Timely completion of Such Mega Projects.

DESIGN OFFICE
Design office requires experts of Structural Design , Hydraulic  & Hydrological Design,  Geologist , Construction experts sitting at design office as also visiting sites periodically, Geo-tech engineers expert on rock mechanics , Experienced engineers engaged in reports preparation viz PFBR, PFR, DPR, OPR(Overall planning report) , Surveyors , Hydro- mechanical design experts, Electrical design experts, Electro-mechanical design expert ,  Cad operator s,

All these experts are assisted by junior cadres .

Progress monitoring cell comprise of group headed by experience expert , also proving PERT , Bar chart , Estimates , various day to day reports.

All have to visit to enhance the horizon of knowledge.
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PostPosted: Thu Jun 10, 2021 1:54 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

HYDROPOWER - HEAD WORKS - DAMS & BARRAGES

SO far, discussions were  focused on water conductor system , Power house complex and Tail works.


Head works are further specialised  field and experts on these structures are mostly spent their entire career mastering these structures.

The effect of Dam submergence on upstream areas, villages in hilly and lower reaches,  suitability of  dam sites  in view of bed rock types, upstream and downstream side rock , environment impact,
And many more issues .
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